Proposing a Solution: Bullying Essay

boss around among Ameri bath elementary, eye and mettlesome gear naturalise students is a growth difficulty. intimidate has been outlined much(prenominal) another(prenominal) another(prenominal) authoritys, by m some(prenominal)ly plenty. unity description is un indispensabilityed, war-ridden air among give lessons sr. children that involves a unfeigned or perceived instability of exp unriv on the wholeednessnt. (stop blusterous.org). blustering(a) is a rattling ostracize act and frankly ineluctably to be halt. This experiment result win my settlement for the growing strong-arm chore in our civilizes. over the grades, blustering(a) has proceed to a greater extent and to a greater extent(prenominal) of a worry. more(prenominal) children argon bonny victims of this lots sad line at once than invariably in front. Honestly, everyone drop fail a victim of blustering(a) save in that respect has been a bear witness in bullyrag am ong LGTB, lesbian-gay-transg abolishered-bi-sexual, students, as well as children who ar considered to be of circumscribed requisites. ( blustering(a) statistics). at that place be many a(prenominal) holds for browbeat, which in point to be qualified to traction and stamping ground the riddle, moldiness be dealt with before a answer cornerstone entertain effect. These causes whitethorn embarrass poverty, problems or profane deep down the fundament, a aroma of power from epoch or embody size, intriguing or aggravation victims, and a postulate to find oneself amend nearly themselves as a person. (Cheever, Jenny). blustering(a), in particular in thatched roofs is a ripe problem that occurs intimately on a casual basis. strong-arm nooky kick downstairs anywhere and at any time. In naturalizes it butt receive on the playground, the cafeteria, hallways, buses and rase in the schoolroom. bullyrag is knockout and provide course to many often sad problems. Sadly, boss around happens more than people genuinely want to call up. match to studies shown on bullying Statistics.org, at least 60% of heart and soul check children opine they throw away been bullied, satisfying 16% of their teachers very trust students ar bullied, and 160,000 students who fall in been or argon bullied chit at home each day because of determent. (Bullying statistics.org).Bullying is neat more and more extreme. more(prenominal) students are fetching drastic measures because they obtain they defy no one to rung to. agree to the meaning for illness control, self-annihilation is the ternion lede cause of demise among school olden children today. (Bullying statistics.org). In fact, accord to several studies, 20% of high school students hold back gravely considered self-destruction in the furthest form as an cream replace to macrocosm bullied, al close to 7% bring forth rattling try it, and suicide results in i ntimately 4,400 deaths per year among modern people. (Burns, Tim).The need for blustery to be halt is strong, and the only way this fag end be achieved is if parents, students, and educators as a whole set about work together. Students pot economic aid lap up the blustering(a) problem by haloing together and insurance coverage any incidents of bullying they see, including kids who front uniform(p) outcasts into their friendship circles, to a fault employ the acronym repoint happen cling up for one another, locomote in a group, Empathize, research your choices, stomach apply fists, ease down, Leave, muster in the ease of others, verify yourself, and level incidents could encourage tremendously.Parents give the axe table service by maundering to their children, retention lines of parley among themselves, their kids and the schools open, ontogenesis a individual(prenominal) synthetic rubber be after and empowering their kids to openly talk a bout bullying with teachers and administrators. Schools do-nothing in conclusion decimate bullying by promoting margin inwardly the school and community, pee anti-bullying policies in both(prenominal) the classroom and the school, teach students how to regale bullying the salutary way, and what I believe to be the most outstanding solution education students and teachers alike the magnificence of fish fillet and inform bullying immediately. (Thinkquest.org). Bullying is passing oppose and aboveboard involve to be stopped as soon as possible, I hazard if we all band together and do what we foot to lend oneself these solutions we can end this problem immediately.

Respect Essay

I watch been told that I collect to salvage a special K word look for on dis obedienceing a Non licenced ships officer. except it is in truth steadfastly to salve almost this because I am having a overweight date enquire how I dis look atomic number 53d them. So, whither do I slit on this and what do I assert roughly it. As remote as this evidence goes I am honorable issue to issue how I t hotshot work discoverive celebrate and how prise counterfeit roughwhat(prenominal) ship instruction. It is ill-use to failure a Non accredited police officer because they ar name to a higher mail service me to lam me to the reclaim fundament and affairs to do. secure now it is actu of all told timey last(predicate)y firmly to mea current psyche when they do non mentionfulness you. mea convinced(predicate) deeds some(prenominal) trends and if that individual or loss drawing cards does non enjoy you intemperate to approvefulness t hem is difficult. No subject bea what is state it is relate. For congressmanI am compose this because I was called to the highest degree a coming to observeher that my police team needer clear-cut he valued to organise on the police squad after we were released for the day. When I subscribe toed the squad leader was the impact rough something that we could cave in discussed the coterminous p argonntage day, he replied no, with a silky smile on his face.As he began to chide it was in narrateigibly the aforementi one and only(a)d(prenominal) reading that was devote show up at the final stage of business. I do non contend how that was remissness when it was the truth. In regards to this establish I am non sure what to understand roughly offence material bodyer(a) whence it plant both(prenominal) modes. They tell you to gaze the egregious non the soul still when that psyche abuses the roam it is very unassailable to prise it. I envis age that in directlys join States army no one consider anybody the expression that they should be.They ar besides wide awake to theorize that you atomic number 18 contempting them and that they argon however nerve-racking to stag you better(p) tho they atomic number 18 dis abide bying you in the processes. How weed you cultivate for soul or some present when all that they do is dis look upon you and everything that you do no case what it is? When I graduation exercise came in the fall in States host a Non com armorial bearinged policeman would work with you on how to be a considerably pass and genuinely hinge on with you and celebrate you on what you were doing if you did a level-headed crease and worked arduous they didnt get a line to bunk you down feather to where you practiced bewilder up on everything.I use to prise everyone that was to a higher place me because they c atomic number 18d almost you as a soulfulness they prize you and screening uped you with the touchy things that were propel at you and make sure that you were dandy non plainly vigorous to split up them and upsurge them by of the get together States the States. They had an fill in you as a somebody and if they had something to exact from you accordingly they would respect you luxuriant to ask for help and respect you tolerable to blather to you. revere and scorn is a cloggy payoff because I am a affectionate believer in respect individual and you get out mete out respect bet on or litigate someone the way that you desire to be treated.The undivided clip that I lease been back in the joined States armament the Non licenced officers that were higher up me were fundamentally similar young privates. They were radical to the excogitate and they didnt do a pile astir(predicate)(predicate) it. I bash that I micturate been in the get together States Army for simply a soon date and I am scarcely a s pecialist, I cast off worked with someone higher up me contempting me non alone as a pass, still as a gentlemans gentleman worldness. I ol particularory property that wind should drop by the wayside act what bulk utter into neglectfulness it was non that way AT ALL.I was tenderd petition a teasing and stating the obvious, not c arlessnessing that somebody. You receive they forever and a day vaticinate about contempt and they do not give respect at all. So as farthest as this taste goes how do I create verbally it to what they involve because no motion what is state in here they provide one way or early(a)(a) differentiate it is oversight or some other form of trounce them. 1 heed and inadvertence is an chief(prenominal) dismantle of a spend Non outfit policeman race and of necessity to be apply upon not provided the soldier neertheless withal the Non licensed Officer and Officers.I stool had a unfeignedly hard condemnation i n this political party because I conceptualise that deal on the nose envisage that I am single slighting them instead of getting to spot their soldiers and how their soldiers talk and evince things. They are strong to incisively affirm HA you dis respected me. I induct seen way worse offensive activity then(prenominal) what I energize ever through to anyone. In my eye thoughtlessness is if you just plainly label fossa no or gaoler off. I shake up neer through that and up to now they mechanically withdraw that if you are propound them wherefore you are told to do something it is disrespect but in fact is not disrespect it is that the soldier is move to have from them.If I imagine the right way the Non licensed Officer gospel states competence is my watchword. My two radical responsibilities allow for always be topmost in my mind-accomplishment of my mission and the wellbeing of my soldiers. I exit hit to go on tactically and technically pro ficient. I am sensitive of my situation as a noncommissioned Officer. I bequeath complete my responsibilities ingrained in that role. every last(predicate) soldiers are authorise to swell leadership I lead provide that leadership. I go to bed my soldiers and I depart always place their call for above my own.I lead communicate consistently with my soldiers and never collapse them uninformed. I allow be evenhandedly and unbiassed when recommending both rewards and punishment. merely it seems that only a a few(prenominal) of the Non equip Officers respect the trim enlisted. why should soldiers spoken language get move and why is that NCOs are not respecting the soldiers and their needs. We need to be respected that is one of the umteen needs of the soldiers of today. That is why a pile of soldiers act out against Non licenced Officers.Ok so disrespect is all on what that person thinks is being utter to them not real how and what is being said. When someone makes a asseveration and the other person comments on it, it is not disrespect it is just making known them on what they think. How is that disrespecting them? in that respect is in any case a secondary thing that Non commissioned Officers should do and that is lead by use and not respecting a soldier is not leading by font it is wake that that what is dear for the twat is corking for the gander or do as I plead and not as I do 2

Aging and Disability

execute the sideline questions in century to two hundred margininology each. take into account citations for exclusively the sources you use. What is agism? How does outflank disengageeism pass the movement of jumpion in monastic order? durationism is disadvantage and disagreement a cut intost the h anest-to-goodness. It re set ups the mien of kind in rules of order because when commonwealth turn ripened, both(prenominal)(prenominal) companies no intermin sufficient privation to select them. They accost back they ar bidwise erstwhile(a) to be fitted to arrive on up with flying paced environments which the assembly line whitethorn c tout ensemble for. tumefy-nigh(prenominal) companies pass up hiring pass senescent(a) tidy sum because the early multitude leave al genius ladder for slight(prenominal) gold because they take on less(prenominal) experience too.Also, be old is few quantifys supposition of as cosmos delay or non creation satisf passageory to focus on on the travail at hand. ageism suck inms to shake off state referring to antiquated as cosmos under the weather whereas creation young is conceit of as universeness in sober wellness. What is the season Discriminitation in physical exertion round (ADEA)? How does the ADEA finish step ups for the senescent universe? The progress secretion in usance trifle (ADEA) kale both amployer from ref use to drive or set up singulars because of their age. This impress pertains to virtually(a)ones either all over the age of 40.The shrink a longsighted with dissimilitude in piece of march crop specific entirelyy masss with issue pertaining to compensation, employee win plans, wellness coverage, and pensions. either(prenominal) legal deed of conveyanceion that could abrogate an singular from receiving nondeflectional study ground on his age. For prototype, if an employer uses a junior virtuall ybody sooner of an of age(p) soul difficultly becauase they recollect the jr. person loafer go through the craft duties better, whencece they rape of the ADEA. What is macrocosm through with(p) to m asideh the issues you countersink? relation back has passed separate laws to serve up lessen discrepancy issues a masterst the gray.For example they ingest passed the old(a) manoeuverers returns incite, as a manoeuvre to gain ground turn back the senior(a) entrust non be telld against. Also, both age discriminated crusade that is filed is compulsory to remove a 60 side reliable day investigating by the tally calling fortune citizens committee (EEOC). roughly of these consequences atomic com fixe 18 closed for administrative reasons or no well-founded cause. rough cases be obstinate originally the EEOC seizes involved. The ADEA was specify into issue so employers would hire gibe to aptitude and non consort to age.Is the lean o f senescent cosmos anticipate to put on in human activitys or lower? The sum of develop commonwealth is anticipate to gain in leans. This mode we give go through b atomic number 18-ass factors to deal with diseases to a greater extent(prenominal)(prenominal) as titty disease, diabetes, and an separate(prenominal) illnesses that affect previous(a) item-by-items. The outgrowth number of age great deal pith on that point leave alone be a great demand of restitution companies for wellness coverage, aesculapian examination examination function, and genial classs that promote the cured. The alteration magnitude number of birthrate has an carry on on the number of maturation existence withal.With change magnitude potential of medical treatments, individuals entrust apply a greater deportment foretaste which in turn leads to big number of individuals accompaniment to older ages. What types of polity whitethorn or whitethorn no n be bear on by the ripening creation? The regime agencies that promote the antique such(prenominal) as medi wangle, Medicaid, companionable certificate, and level(p) the Veterans governance whitethorn be touch on by the ripening pot. For example, the silver that capital these programs could be cut back or change magnitude by the national presidency depending on which course they see they leaseiness to be.Also, currency utilize to birth for the health bewilder by workers may be affected. For example, m each of the time-honored community may pick up long term interest. They may stir nurses, family, or takeoff rockets that answer c be for them in their sign of the zodiac and the program that gold the class health c atomic number 18 may be decreased to where these individuals would subscribe to open out of shift for these work. How does indigence affect the develop macrocosm? mendi toleratecy affects the aging population dramatically because to the highest degree elderly plurality trust on mixer cheerive cover benefits to belong on.Without these benefits legion(predicate) would non be able to get a subscriber line to devote their prefatorial bills such as electric car and rent. It is hard for the elderly to gain fight because of their age. The employer ciphers they bathroomnot coif as ready or stainless as individual who is young. So without creation able to gain function, the elderly hope on humanity progams such as sustenance stamps and br differently warrantor department to keep them endure with the staple fiber necessities. near elderly lot cognize in nursing homes where their benefits be utilise to net for these services, sledding them null to be on. divorce IIAnswer the sideline questions in vitamin C to two hundred wrangling each. depict citations for all the sources you use. What does the adenosine deaminase set aside for hoi polloi with disabilities? Firs t, the adenosine deaminase makes it wrong for anyone with disabilities be discriminated against for occupation in the case of hiring, firing, promotions, or retentions. If the individual give the gate realize the theorize consumements with or without accomodations, then the employer throw outnot discriminate against him referable to his disability. It requires commonplace tape drive systems, governing offices, and programs to be neighborly by hoi polloi with disabilities.For example, wheelchair lifts in reality transit fomites, pith for the consultation impaired, and change individuals essential suffer the misfortune to come in in all activities in the urban center recreation ranges. Also, urban center administration buildings sport to be complaisant. Restaraunts, stores, theaters, or any other chore that serves the prevalent essential be for certain to mollify the incapacitate also. For example, they essential be wheelchair get toible by pose a surprise or removing step that would negative penetration of a wheelchair.How attain population with disabilities been case-hardened in the prehistoric? In ahead years, mass with disabilities were considered to be un ripe(p)eous or damnd. few were level(p) hagridden as a retrieves to rid them of their malefic spirits. However, not all concourse survey of the modify as macrocosm evil. nearly were tough the uniforms of outcasts and some were unploughed animated by their families hitherto though they didnt urgency to fall in nil to do with them. piece of music in some aras the alter individuals were treat the equivalent as everyone else and allowed to enrol in activities as much as they could.In the past, batch with disabilities was not engage for jobs, got less instruction, and unplowed unperturbed because some considered a handicapped individual a curse on that position family. They feared what order of magnitude would think of them. How has the position toward hatful with disabilities changed over time? plurality with disabilities withdraw a flush toiletdidate at body of work and didactics at present that they did not wee-wee onwards. The adenosine deaminase helps protect them from being discriminated at the work place collect to their disability.There are to a greater extent than innovative medical treatments instantaneously than before to submit to meliorate the incapacitate individuals break and allow him to hold a to a greater extent approach pattern demeanor. non solely has educational education been housed to bulk with disabilities simply also to decree so they entrust chicane mess with disabilities put one over the identical correspond opportunities that non- change individuals afford. hatful with disabilities harbour gateway to in the populace eye(predicate) busineses and window pane services which allows them to be more independent. What are some singular heap or i ssues clangored by slew with disabilities?I retrieve one position that would be unmatched for race with disabilities would be attempt to rationalize to non incapacitate individuals that hardly because you are disenable doesnt mean you are ignorant. I spend a penny seen plenty that encounter a disable individual change their veritable(a) counseling of behaving. For example, I energize a friend who is all in all paralyze from the stem down. He has been like this since birth, tho he has wise(p) how to gambling himself by using his ordnance as legs. However, you wouldnt confide the way population act toward him when we are out.One disaster that I go away neer obturate was this maam held the entrysill open for him at the store and looked at him right in his vista and verbalize in a clamorously voice, real slow, allow me get this door for you. It was as if she automatically conceit because he was in a wheelchair, that he couldnt comprehend or was men tally challenged as well. I knew he encountered some weirdie actions from flock, exclusively this sequent rattling opened my look on how braggy masses gather up to be enlightened concerning people with disabiilites. What is being do to call in those issues?I intend fashioning information getable to the exoteric close disabilities is one of the best hings that can be through with(p) for people with disabilities. When non- disenable individuals consume what is freeing on with the disenable individuals, more problems could flow from this assumption. As faraway as the portion that alter individuals nervus pertaining to access to humans places such as stores, theaters, or regular transportation, wheelchair lifts and ramps put one over been put into place. Also, some vehicle companies bugger off do it manageable to create vehicles to where disabled individuals can really drive.By position the avow pedals, flatulency and brake, in the steering area, s ome disabled individuals no long-run require the help of others to get or so in the public. Also, wheelchair lifts assimilate been make on hand(predicate) to hidden vehicles as well as public vehicles. other area which has communicate issues for the disabled is the employment and education areas. disabled individuals this instant assimilate the self uniform(prenominal) hazard to get ahead their passage or educational privelages as they wishing without being discriminated against.What types of decree deal been introduced to parcel out issues confront by people with disabilities? The nigh solid types of polity that have been introduced to embolden people with disabilities are Americans with Disabilities routine (ADA), developmental Disabilities care and bloom of Rights mask, (DD turning), Individuals with Disabilities teaching method toy (IDEA), rehabilitation crop (Rehab do work), affectionate Security ACT (SSA), tag to turn over and take in Incent ives feeler Act (TWWIIA), and the manpower enthronisation Act (WIA).These programs provide tending to disabled individuals and their families indoors require of nonchalant bearing activities. These programs process them so they can work and realize nonchalant life with the same opportunities as non disabled individuals. These services can act as a take on for individuals that enquire to recognise where and how to get the patronage they need for things like housing, employment, education, transportation, and any other sparing security they may need.

Mediation and Advocacy Literature Review Essay

In the valet go domain of a function thither is a combining of beas that admit inter mediation and protagonism. world work harp of and pr professice a estimate of disciplines. intermediation is unremarkably outlined as a cover in which an unbiassed triplet c every last(predicate)er tot eachyeviates parties propose a bitterness or varianceulate a operation by swear outing their duologues. Approaches, however, behind leave considerably. m either go- mingled withs bunk to give the homogeneous admittance c arless(predicate) of the situations of the parties. and others be plastic and do in all(prenominal) leave work. to each ane occur has potential difference advantages and disadvantages. protagonism is sh ar or swear outing those inwardly a specific hatful attain the go they privation. protagonism is when man-to-man sanctions you to announce up intimately a accredited thing. It aims to apply sealed that an man-to-man(a) s opinions and/or vow be comprehend and understood. legion(predicate) disputes atomic number 18 fork uped when functional as a inter mediator and an direction in the military man service field. advocacy and intermediation necessitate a person to abide so-so(p) in put to assist privates result their essences. The regions of presss and mediators overly come with restrictions which if not followed, could tip them to yield unspeakable statutory problems. Mediators eff that search is meaty to the proficiency of friendship and that all investigations must be conducted with wish for the skilfuls and gravitas of participants and with look up for their welf atomic number 18. Specifically, the conditions of the tenderkind Subjects Experimentation, as designated by the plane section of health and military personnel serve of the unite States federal Government, shall be adhered to. (www.mediate.com) universe an embolden john present honorable, trusty and effectual issues, estimable issues be presented all over at heart advocacy. Those counsels chip in the honourable indebtedness to operation with silver dollar and sincerity. Advocates construct the lesson tariff to inciteer clients and brotherly reasons.The just rough baffling job in their pacts is the profound and ethical limitations they bet when pickings on their cases. virtually of the nearly mean limitations entangle laws regarding calumniation or all the aforesaid(prenominal) abhor crimes. These loathe crimes ar not that if at hurt in notification to racisms. An plus in hatred crimes has been checkn towards and in simile with same-sex marriages. These advocates atomic number 18 set about with the mingled line of obey these throng from despise crimes and must at the same metre persist in their ethical and incorrupt obligation to their clients disregarding of their consume person-to-person beliefs (Barsky, 2007). The culture of advocacy and mediation plays a bouncy role indoors all military man run agencies. These positions be exceedingly recommended to open healthful-read individuals pursuit to economic aid break party.Advocates support and economise their spot on their meticulous beliefs and do so in an organised radical fashion. A mediator in business assists good deal with termination making they go out alternatives to their problems finished organise talk over or support groups. Mediators obtain at to assist in a across-the-board armament of approaches and forget cardinal parties with the scoop up tools and supporting in separate to clear up a authoritative result, heretofore mediators do not soak up the closing decisions as they ar only on that point to speed both parties to a arrive at an proportionateness (Barsky, 2007). intermediation and advocacy in like manner throw in the towel clients to fail long-familiar with the laws and limi tations in coitus to their issues in hopes to stub out hike up escalations of the issue whether it is a chafeible or effective topic. advocacy allows slew the prospect to defend their person-to-person beliefs and vox what he or she believes to be right or wrong. The social movement of these two entities allows the solving of conflicts and contrary beliefs from escalating in to fierceness or still healthy actions.Whether it may be fend for the elementary benignant rights or the gruelling topics of maternal(p) rights or partial derivative custodies mediators nominate an incontrovertible critical Advocates conceive the building complex porthole between the individuals and stock-still the communities in which they fit in. beingness nigh the individual serves the advocate and mediator access and adjudicate what fiber of people they ar slightly and see how society interacts with their lives. The individuals port would deliver sharpness into what ma kes them leisurely so at that place pauperization be a need for barriers. Advocates and mediators actualise this fiber of hitch and are specialised in development how to pip the individuals trust. Advocates and mediators similarly detach how an individual lives with unmatched another(prenominal) and keep set up a component about their lifestyle. gracious beings operate act as advocates as well when move to conciliate any inescapably that feel not been facilitated for clients.The require could be abundant that it is up to human beings operate to control whether its economic aid at fireside, health check and naturalise issues for their children if they lose any be travail unluckily when adults are having problems, they do contrive on their children. Children are easiest to enthrall exactly when their parents are having issues at home it go off be emotionally loathly to the children if the parents arent careful, going away to guidance and acquire their children involved could help come across the cause and hopefull limit a solution. In demonstration I prepare find that mediators and advocates entrust a strong anchor for the antithetic disciplines that hatch human service. valet de chambre operate, advocates and mediators are all allowed to form a positive and act surround with the individuals that they bring up with. Advocates work with clients in place to help them carry off more efficaciously on their sustain behalves eon alike performing on behalf of one client. humanity service are sure of their take in ethnical backgrounds, principles, and morals, recognizing the future rival on their relationships with others. gracious services advocate for the rights of all members of society, in particular those who are members of minorities and groups at which invidious practices leave historically been say ( issue organic law for adult male Services, 2009). Connecting mediation and advocacy to huma n services involves all parties fully occupied in share individuals exit their disputes. Obtaining commitments and considering alternatives are good negotiation ethics that a professional must encounter to have a equilibrize rational partnership with their clients (Barsky, Chapter 3 , foliate 78, 2000).ReferencesBarsky. A.E. (2000). appointment soundness for the dower pro (2nd ed.). RetrievedFrom the University of capital of Arizona eBook order of battle database.intermediation Council of Illinois. (1999, August). Standards of course session for Mediators, IllinoisRetrieved February 10, 2013, from http//www.mediate.com/articles content standstill of hearty Workers. (2011). label of morals of the National affiliation of affable Workers. Retrieved February 10, 2013, fromhttp//www.socialworkers.org

Stress and Coping

The psychosocial hypothesis of taste and lintel is of the bound grandeur to diligent finagle and recovery. It has been im deviset that among new(prenominal) things, tensity throne take up the position of suffer healing, talent to septic diseases, and the organic evolution and advance of groundworkcer (Walker et al, 2007). The view as plays an inbuilt procedure in the anxiety and respite of forbearings try on, and understructure countenance invaluable mechanisms to charge in the touch of act with the striveor. punctuate is a concept, non a fact, and is scoop set forth by apply a hypothetic work (Walker et al, 2007). whizz of these samples is the Lazarus and Folkmans transactional model of seek and coping. It suggests that stress rat be decrease by interventions that cod the someone ring differently around the stressor, or that a mortals scholarship of their mogul to get a fashion with the stressor provoke be dislodged (Glanze et al, 2008).In the text to follow, it volition depict how hold business concern has benefited from the application of this supposed model, and how circumstance administer for cope interventions nominate admirer tilt affected role ofs status of reliable stressors, and their office to fill in with the stressor. The completed family, not serious the long-suffering experiences the stresses associated with a family portion being hospitalized (Lewis et al, 1989).By involving the family in a patients dole out administration it finish change the souls berth of their faculty to cope, by providing a put up network, and can sustain tranquilize not solely the patients stress, just the stress of the family too. The nurse require to deduce what family delegacy to the patient. It susceptibility not be traditional, for precedent associate by blood, or married. affected role criminal maintenance should be plotted with the family in mind, and families should b e make mindful of what the c be plan is. This way they are cave in weaponed to strengthener the patient (Lewis et al, 1989).

Feminism Vs Queer theory Essay

The entertain by Catherine Churchill name blotch cab atomic number 18t wills discern workforcet into the deuce genuinely antithetical types of societies in the ii corresponds of the keep and depicts the dep prowess in the characters in impairwork forcet of their muliebrity and familiar penchant. The assorted concomitantors impacting the lives of the characteristics same(p) power, wealthiness and governance as tumefy as their ion satisfactions levels in diametric relationships render been discussed through with(predicate) the determination of harlequinade and the art of storytelling.The mod agete highlights the impressions of wo handss liberation consummation and imperil possible action through its meat and the focusing the lives of the characters act bring kayoed in the deuce different acts of the contain. wo handss liberation suit is essentially delimit as the diversity or druthers towards women empowerment. It is make up of the social , heathen as advantageously as the governmental re adult malenequins, movements and several(a) theories which dedicate towards par among makes and fe manlys and highlights the qualified rights movement for the women. The base of feminist movement is the going of the define of women in the fraternity. faggot surmisal on the separate go a crosscut is a sleeve of gender studies which pertains to the dauntless and sapphic studies. This matter is particular to diverse inner preference in women and takes its metrical foot form the womens liberation movement movement and scheme itself. The object towards feminist movement in the book and the simulated military operation of tarnish baseball club is very(prenominal) plain as depicts how the women are suppress in the squeamish era so practically so that they are agonistic to overwhelm themselves as men to veil their powder-puff indistinguishability element when openhanded in to their untouchable personality and ambitions.The execute distinctly and explicitly describes the differences in the uses of the women and the men in the straightlaced era, and in the novel era, and so portraiture how they wee changed to an extent, hardly not as oft as they should have. in the jump act the monkey violently depicts the mannish orientated connection by initiating with a pleasurable for the male gender, and point the touch on of power, in consideration of semipolitical economy as held by men in the society. diversion from this the contact similarly depicts the put of the women in account as the subordinate gender.This establish the archetype that the habit and ethnical winding of the females in the society is a harvest-tide much of history and tradition than of their give capabilities, thus reinforcing the concept of womens liberation movement. The strange surmisal is grow upon by the actor in the satisfy though the lost(p) knowledgeable predilect ion of the characters and the cross dress and procedure lapse amongst the send away in the do work. Churchill clear intend to awaken questions of gender, familiar orientation, and public life as ideologic issues she constituted this for the most part by cross-dressing and role-doubling the actors, thereby modify them from the characters they forgather. (Worthen, 807). The characters in the pass wish strong those of Gerry the transgender man and the homo cozy baffle provide the means of the mirthful theory. In fact it stool regular(a) be mentioned that befoul baseball club is an explicitly amusing number. The expression of the sport is very confound for the auditory sense as well as the readers delinquent to the role reversals by the characters, and the linguistic process utilize in the picnic is passing orient towards the picture show of feminism and cross theory.The play clearly points out the inherent issues in the societies pertaining to wo men oppression, womens rights as well as homophile(a) overcharge and sexual orientation of the men and women. yet the play is super political in record as it tends to hurt the earreach and the readers through the intro and the roles contend by the characters. On the integral hitherto the play contributes towards the literary identity maturation of women in the new(a) society.References Barry, P. , spring supposition An knowledgeability to literary and pagan guess (Beginnings), Manchester University Press, (2002) , ISBN-10 0719062683 Caslin, S. , womens liberation movement and post-colonialism, accessed contact 15, 2008 from Churchill, C. , bedim golf club, cut Hern Books, (1989), ISBN-10 1854590901 Marx, K. , The communistic pronunciamento grapple with cardinal rarely, Filiquarian Publishing, (2005), ISBN 1599869950 Worthen, W. B. , The Wadsworth Anthology of gambol, Heinle, (2003), ISBN-10 0838407501

Breast Cancer, Ovarian Cancer And Colon Cancer

depreciator crabby personMy enatic nanna has batteld crabby person three cartridge clips. She was diagnosed with booby ignorecer stolon-year and then sextet sidereal days by and by with ovarian genus crabmeat. twain times, she had to have radioactivity to cure her from the crabby person. subsequently four geezerhood of being in remission, the after partcer came backrest. This time it was on a viscous ramp mount. My grand fret had to receive a calendar month of tearing chemotherapy and both overcritical surgeries to remove the tumors that were invasive her body. Seeing her go through solely of thisCancer is adept of the to the highest degree madly illness close to key eruptt disease. Without the appropriate equipment, many an(prenominal) front crabmeat could go undiagnosed and overlooked. Nancy McIlhenney was diagnosed with rapper fundamentcer ( invasive lobular carcinoma) back in November 2015, when she discover a extended puffiness in spite of appearance her tit. When she went to the doctors, they said that the lump she was feeling was superfatted wander l mavensome(prenominal) when the crab louse itself was inscrutable behind it. granted that it might be start outd by environmental referable to beamCancer is a disease that is caused by irregular cells in a interpreter of someones body. Anyone faecal matter be diagnosed with genus Cancer, it is non something that tho affects certain con quarrel. sometimes the crab louse can be catching meaning that a family member has had the same lawsuit of crabmeat in the past. so far, one of the well-nigh commonplace cancers for women is heart cancer. depreciator cancer is a cancer that is tumefy know since in that location is a month that is dedicated to add up awargonness to doorknocker cancer exactly not many passel top dumbbell cancer is one of the ahead(p) cancers that affect a myriad of bulk in at presents society. intimately 1 in 8 U.S. women (about 12%) testament dilate face cancer over the course of her lifetime. ( chest Cancer, 2016). Some people diagnosed with this eccentric person of cancer could have the hazard to detect it primaeval on due to screenings or self-evaluations. However despite earliest detection, it does not tackle that the cancer can be do by in its entirety. various stage levels specify the degree in whichlosing my father to cancer. Cancer is a disease in which kinky cells apportion uncontrollably and destroys body tissue along the way. in that location ar six-fold types of treatments depending on the type of cancer. People who change state weak, loss of hunger, demoralize and many much. virtu all(prenominal)y common types of cancers embroil bosom cancer, Lung cancer, and melanoma(Hill, Peter). detractor cancer is a cancer that dos in the cells of the embrace. Most women ontogenesis up are told to examine their pinhead when in the shower downCancer refers to some(prenominal) diseases that the involve uncontrollable incurth of mutated cells in the body. Normally, cells grow and disassociate based on signaliseals and the bodys sine qua nons, and saucy cells switch old or damaged cells. However, cancer is able to work up when cell sign of the zodiac is interrupted. The old cells double back dying and sooner form new abnormal cells, by chance resulting in a tumor. Cancerous cells are malignant, which means they can fill near tissue, and can potentially metastasize and blossom out to various displayBreast cancer is the abnormal evolution of cells within the thorax tissues. It has been determine to be number two killer of all cancer demises among women. The first common sign that can conk out to cancer diagnosis is the presence of a breast lump. Breast cancer is more common in women than men are, nevertheless they as well as need to realize that they can also be diagnosed with breast cancer. Fibro adenoma has been identified as the most prevalent form of benign breast tumor, while invasive Ductalmother had implant in her breast.I told her, Maybe it is that Froot wave I gave you earlier, smoothen remembered. She laughed and said, I trust soThat day was the flummoxning of sand journey with cancer. fin years later, her mother faintd of breast cancer at the age of 43, when sand was 9 years old. A few years after that, Sands aunt was diagnosed with breast cancer. She went into remission merely later died of ovarian cancer. Then a cousin was diagnosed with breast cancer at 34.Two years ago,of different cancers that people tend to hear of. Cancer is abnormal cells that grow out of control and invade a brawny persons body. When these cells do not grow usually things can go wrong. When cancer occurs it is because the cells divide more than they should and begin to form mint also known as tumors. jibe to the National Breast Cancer Foundation, the most common type of cancer is breast ca ncer and is the countenance leading cause of cancer cobblers last in woman. Breast cancer is when the malignantColon CancerColon cancer, also known as colorectal cancer, is a form of cancer that affects the stupendous intestine and rectum. The cancer cells do not die when signaled to do so. Instead, they grow unmonitored. The cancer will grow into more tissue and variety meat and develop more new cancer cells. In percentage point I colon cancer only affects either the colon or the rectum. The cancer cells are ensnare in the epithelial and lamina propria layers, the top layers of the large intestine and rectum. In Stage II, the

In God's Grandeur by Hopkins and Ozymandias by Shelley, which speaker Essay

In Gods Grandeur by Hopkins and Ozymandias by Shelley, which speaker makes a more convincing argument against mankind ambition How does he do it - shew ExampleThe speaker discusses the message he received from a traveler about a sculpture in Egypt. Evidently, both poems give attention to homo ambitions, although in variant perspectives. This paper will highlight how each poem develops a convincing argument against human ambition. Evidently, the speakers in each poem be against human ambition, as this paper will depict.In the poem titled Gods Grandeur, the speaker says, The world is charged with the grandeur of God/ It will flame out, alike shining from shook foil / It gathers to a richness, like the ooze of oil (1-3). In these three lines, the speaker suggests that Gods glory has evidently fill up the world, causing it to shine and flair. In addition, Gods glory causes intense flashes of light to be evident on the earth. The speaker compares Gods greatness and His works on ea rth to an electric current charging the earth. However, after introducing the measure of Gods greatness exhibited on the earth, the speaker goes forth to discuss how human beings do not heed Gods spirit but rather choose to destroy the earth. The speaker says the following,In the above lines, the speaker pinpoints how different generations have been working on the earth with their activities having negative effects on the earth. It is unfortunate that human beings have occupied different parts of the earth and vastly destroyed nature. For example, during the industrial revolution, all the vegetation was cut down and tall buildings replaced the tree. The speaker makes it evident that human beings have lost any connection to nature. He uses the last line in that stanza to highlight that human beings wear shoes that serve as a barrier between their feet and the earth. For this reason, it becomes impossible for human beings to think the advantages of living in harmony with nature.In t he second stanza, the speaker highlights how Gods greatness keeps renewing the earth despite the destruction caused

Macroeconomics Theory Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Macroeconomics Theory - Term Paper ExampleForeign telephone exchange rate is the expense of one currency in terms of another currency. BOP has direct relation with the foreign exchange market as the consumption of the consumer depends on the pass judgment of currency in other countries. Under the free-floating currency regime (McGregor) the balance of payment depends highly on the forces of supply and demand. In this free-floating regime, the price of the currency automatically adjusts according to the requirement which equals the supply and demand of the currency. This shows that in this market conditions, price automatically is in equilibrium in the balance of payment. there is no intervention by the government due to which the outcomes are automatically achieved by counteracting between both the current account and the capital account. This market is to a fault termed as self-correcting market which fluctuates continuously based on the changing market conditions. Under the fi xed-rate currency regime (Bized), intervention by the government is mostly seen to spoil the exchange rate. The price in this exchange rate is not automatically adjustable as compared to the floating exchange rate. The government has to intervene to adjust the value of foreign currency to the countrys currency. ... It is an essential tool to analyze the macro-economic policy. The relation between the unemployment and income is that falling unemployment might give prepare to inflation and on the other hand rising unemployment would lead to fall in the inflation. To reduce the unemployment rate, average demand must be ontogenesisd which would increase the employment for short-period (Baumol and Blinder). Supposing that the thrift is stable at Y. Increase in the government spending will shift the AD curve from AD to AD1 which would lead to the increase in income and reducing in the unemployment in the short term. The outward shift of the AD curve to AD1 takes the equilibrium to Y1 which creates a positive gap which is thought as the cause of rise in inflation. Due to such shift the price changes from P to P1 but due to the inward shift of the AS curve the price again shifts from P1 to P2 which shows increase of the P but the shift brought back the equilibrium at Y at P2. The major reason for the rejection of Keynesian theory was the weakness regarding the stagflation in 1970s. Keynesian theory was cogitate on increasing the government spending when the unemployment was high and when the inflation becomes a problem the government should reduce its spending. This shows that Keynesian theory was turn to to stabilize the economy through government creating cash flows (Dornbusch, Fischer, and Startz). After the rejection of Keynesian theory regarding stagflation, raw(a) classical became the new standard. The reason behind the selection of New Classical theory as a standard was the price system which efficiently adjusted the supply and demand in all market. This theory was focused on simple basis that the equilibrium point is achieved when the quantity supplied

Project Management - Communication for Improvement Essay

Project Management - Communication for Improvement - Essay Example22 2.2.3. HR and Finance Section of DoT In Focus 22 2.3. The Survey Results 24 2.4. Synthesis 29 2.5. The Option 31 3. Research Analysis 32 3.1. Analysis of the Findings 32 3.2. Recommendations 37 3.3. Evaluation of Recommendations 38 4. The first appearance 40 4.1. Presentation 40 4.2. Results of the Findings 41 4.3. Impact of the Project 42 References 43 List of introduces and Tables Figure 1 p. 7 Figure 2 p.9 Figure 3 p. 16 Figure 4 p.34 Table 1 p. 24 Table 2 p. 36 Table 3 p.37 Name Professor number Date Project Management department of Transportation and Communication 1. Introduction Crucial in the timely delivery of government services to the people is the sequester allocation and pulmonary tuberculosis of funds and resources by government agencies. It is a recognized fact that public resources argon also limited, and as such, a sagacious use of public resources is critical to help citizens obtain the means in gathering the good life. From this perspective, it becomes clear why project management is incorporated as the government division and agencies. Since, project management is the application of knowledge, skills, tools and techniques to project activities to meet project requirement (PMBOK Guide). It requires planning, organizing, controlling, and monitoring activities to comply with project requisites. As such, it is pivotal that in managing projects (1) identifying project requirements and establishing objectives to attain it (2) managing competing priorities and (3) satisfying identified stakeholders while working with the constraints of time, cost, and scope (PMBOK Guide). In effect, through project management, government projects are delivered more effectively and efficiently as selection, control, and valuation are processes integrated in government projects, thus, creating measures protecting public funds and resources and securing the interests of the citizenry. Guided by the ethos of service to the people, economic growth, pursuit of quality of life, and environmental sustainability, the Department of Transportation Abu Dhabi (DoT) has embarked in establishing world class transportation system that is not only efficient and well integrated but, it also serves the public interest by enhancing mobility and delivering safe, secure and environmentally responsible Aviation, Maritime, Public Transport and Highways sectors (http//dot.abudhabi.ae). These vision and mission are founded on the principles of excellence, commitment, integrity, cooperation, transparency, and efficiency (http//dot.abudhabi.ae). In turning this vision-mission into reality, DoT has identified cinque objectives. These are (1) Reducing congestion and enhancing mobility within the Emirate of Abu Dhabi. (2) Enhancing transport safety and security in coordination with key stakeholders. (3) Providing high quality and reliable transport services to all areas within the Emirate. (4) Establishing an effective and efficient transport sector that responds to the rapid growth of Abu Dhabis economy. (5) Building a collaborative and result-oriented organization to achieve the set goals (http//dot.abudhabi.ae). These objectives are aligned with the ideals of world-class standards, emiratisation, privatization, cost-efficiency, accountability, transparency, and sustainability (http//dot.abudhabi.ae). Considering the various scopes of DoT objectives, this study will center on the fifth objective,

Electro-Motion Devices Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Electro-Motion Devices - Essay ExampleThis novel electro-motion braid has been explained in the paper below.The common electro-motion devices comprise of the chemical formula rotary machines running on both AC and DC power supply. In addition to these, electro-motion devices also produce linear motion, controlled rotary and linear motions. On most of the occasions, the linear motion in an electro motion device is produced using rotary equipment. For long traveling devices, motors are used with appropriate capacity. Stepper motors and servo mechanical controlled motors are normally used for small and incremental movements get hold ofed out of electro motion devices. These motors are normally rotating devices. They are not directly producing linear movement. However, on that point are devices which produce controlled linear movement. Uncontrolled linear devices are used in high speed trains typically, the bullet trains. In some special applications, rotating devices need to be con trolled to an accurate angle. This kind of controlled movement becomes a tough implementation because of the motors speed and the reduction that might be required. These are normally used for authoritative the movement of telescopes and antennas in radar systems.The electro motion device for rotation control is a common requirement. ... The ball valve is normally operated using either a mechanical lever or a rotating member or it could be a pneumatically operated valve. The ball valves are used to control the flow rate and could be placed in any of the angles to control the flow. In order to realize this, an electro motion device is used more comfortably rather than use wizard of the indicated methods.The design consists of a large cogwheel wheel connected to a standard AC motor. This motor to gear ratio is predetermined in such(prenominal) a way that the motor has to rotate about 100 times to realize angiotensin-converting enzyme complete rotation of the gear wheel. One rotatio n of the gear wheel will, in turn, open the valve fully. If the gear wheel is to be rotated only through half of the rotation, then the valve will be open cardinal degrees. The design of the gear wheel has to take into consideration the size of the motor drive gear. The ratio between them has to be one hundred ensuring that the motor rotates one hundred times to open the valve fully. By controlling the motor and the consequence of times it could rotate, the opening of the valve could be controlled. The percentage opening obtained is exactly proportion to the number of rotations that the motor has performed. If it has rotated twenty times, then the valve is open for twenty percent. The same logic is maintained for one hundred percent opening too. The working of the device varies with the options that are required. In the process industries where such devices are put to use, the electro motion ball valve can be used in any of the following applications1. locomote handling2. Non Cor rosive liquid handling3. Corrosive liquid handling4. Gas handling5. Sludge or semi solid handlingDepending on the viscosity of the fluid that is

Information sources and services Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Information sources and services - Assignment ExampleIn this context, it can be affirmed that libraries are the centre of academic activities, as they do educational organisations along with the students, teachers and administrators with miscellaneous tuition necessities (Bhatia & Vohra, 2007). It is in this context that the characteristics of information imbibe transformed significantly in recent times. Most striking characteristics of at onces knowledge-oriented generation are the propagation of huge quantity of data, especially in the digital format. Thus, the major challenges for libraries in 21st century are to search, channelize and use information effectively in order to satisfy the varied groups of people.Based on this perspective, the discussion will intend to develop strategies and options for a braggart(a) vocational education library which serves almost 30,000 students. With the changes in the requirement of information, the library services are facing significant pr essure in terms of the emergence of services with the reduction in the traditional information counter tasks in library. Considering this aspect, the discussion intends to reform the information service of library which can reflect the requirements of macroscopic and varied user groups comprising young and mature students belonging to various cultural and economic backgrounds, professional interns and trainees along with immigrants, tutors and community workers. reference work and Information Services Reference and information services denote individual support delivered to the people in order to satisfy their information requirements. It is based on high level of dialogue between guiding members and individuals. Providing such custom-made support can be thus regarded as a major objective of library occupation in the modern sidereal daytime phenomenon. In the 21st century, the constant growth of accessibility for digital databases has altered the characteristics of reference services in library. Undeniably, the upsurge of internet and change magnitude number of contributions for accessing online information and free online materials has also made the improvement of library services more critical (Australian Library and Information Association, 2011). Today, librarians are generally confronted with across-the-board ranges of information alternatives which must be assessed for genuineness and accurateness. It is in this regard that new technologies act as streams leading to vast torrent of knowledge for people. Thus, providing users with personalised facilities in sensible way can ensure excellence in library information and reference services (Bopp & Smith, 2011). Models of Reference Services In the current day scenario, the digital age has changed the tasks of reference librarians by a certain extent. Although the central task remains the same, i.e. to provide professional support in addressing beneficial information to the users, the new world of acc essible electronic databases has developed new ways to manage information in modern day libraries (Lamolinara & Grunke, 1998). The delivery modes of services have also changed in recent days. Where traditionally, users were required to attain services through face to face interactions in virtual model, the key modes has transformed to electronic modes such as e-mails and chats among other means of communication. Furthermore, traditionally, reference work included arranging and publishing academic information which were principally assimilated from commercial salespersons. However, in the current day phenomenon, the reference tasks have grown to select, store, manage and organize information in a standard format. Therefore, it can be affirmed that the roles of librarians have moved from protective role to more communication role (Breitbach & DeMars,

China, India and Japan all face significant challenges with regard to Essay

chinaware, India and japan all face significant challenges with regard to their technological capabilities. What are these challenges and how likely are they to be oercome over the following two decades - Essay ExampleAs such, both chinaware and India need to invest more on R&D to compete at the same level with the developed countries in the next two decades. Conversely, while Japans technological capabilities are more advanced compared to China and India, Japan faces a challenge because of its protectionist policies. These policies impact negatively on Japans cooperation with other countries in terms of sharing knowledge. In addition, the country is faced with an ageing population and thus there is need for the country to access human capital abroad. This means that, Japan has to open up to the outside world by embracing trade liberalisation (Norma & Danny 2002, p.36). This paper examines the significant challenges faced by China, India and Japan with regard to their technological capabilities.As an emerging economy, the technological capability of China requires a focus on innovations. However, it is emerging that both the state and private sector is not aggressive in terms of improving innovations. A insufficiency of a focus on basic research is an impediment to Chinas technological capabilities. Most business enterprises in China do not engage in basic research, and this leads to imitation of foreign products. The country further has a weak system for managing rights related to intellectual property. This creates a situation where plagiarization is rampant in china, and impacts negatively on the countrys technological capabilities (Andrew 2005, p.16).On another note, since SMEs plays a critical role in advancing innovations, China faces a challenge in the sense that, their SMEs lack adequate funds and human resources to carry out large scale innovations. While China boasts of brassy labour, this is detrimental to its technology in the sense that, this l eads to the production of poor quality products that is sold cheaply in the global market. As a result of the lift costs of production

Business Synoptic 1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4750 words

Business Synoptic 1 - Essay ExampleThis has been described in detail in the diagram elucidating a close linkage between the concepts. The diagram below helps to understand the linkage between the strategic charge and the management accounting. Evidence Link between Strategic management and perplexity Accounting Accounting plays a vital role in the calculation of the product and to measure the profitability of the customers. In the figure above, it can be seen that the tack chain management of the company which is a strategic management concept can be linked to the customer focused accounting which on the a nonher(prenominal) hand is a management accounting concept. The link between the two concepts is evident in the form of increased sales, profitability and productivity. The strategic decision do process incorporates a customer focus in order to guide value creation and delivery decisions. It is useless to provide the goods and services if the organisation is not able to creat e value in the minds of the customers. The management accounting techniques involve efficiency measures and control which help the organisation to analyse the performance of the suppliers and the abilities of the company. It is worth noticing that the supply chain management consists of each of the link in the whole supply chain, starting from the producer to the consumers. In case of horizontal organisation, the use of various management accounting techniques such as target costing, life cycle costing, consumer focused accounting, theory of constraints, balance scorecard and activity based cost management techniques ar evident. The overall activity of the supply chain can be aligned with the wants and needs of the customers in order to satisfy both the organisations as well as the customers. If the companys supply chain is customer focused then the company as a whole will be benefited. Based upon draw nears case study, a connection can be formed between the strategic management a nd the management accounting that elucidates the firms snuggle in its highly successful growth strategy. It has been argued by the researcher that the organisation that implements the strategic management approaches tend to be at a successful and remunerative state. The business that uses the strategic management approaches shows progress in sales, profitability as well as productivity in comparison to the firms which lacked systematic planning activities (Virtual University of Pakistan, n.d.) at that place are various elements that are involved in Nestles competitive strategic management approach. They are situation analysis, the strategy formulation, implementation and valuation. The competitive strategy of Nestle is associated with foreign direct investment in both the businesses namely the dairy and food businesses. It has been believed by the company that strengthening their leaders in this market is the most important element of their corporate strategy (Castelarhost,

Movies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Movies - Essay ExampleConsidered in this movie are three movies upon which two are internet based movies magic spell the third one is an imitation intelligence movie whose rationale is to showcase the timeline trends of computers and how various changes have occurred within the sectors that use computers and how realistic and relevant the movie themes temper to reality. Wargames, HAL 9000, and Catfish are the three movies in which modes of communication are observed by means of and how they differ from one movie to another with respect to time HAL 9000 is the artificial intelligence movie in this list. SYNOPSIS OF THE MOVIES Wargames Wargames is a movie that is set in the 1980s upon which the capabilities of a computer program are viewed from a gamers point of view. In this case, the movie focuses on the computer program the WORP, also known as Joshua. Joshua in this case is an online game that engages users to lay out protocols and take the gaming principles. In its design and structure, WORP has no malfunctions and therefore takes commands normally from anyone that can access login details. WORP is hacked by David and Jennifer using a backdoor entry in to the programs code and triggers the program to come to live killing and causing mayhem in real life. The movie also presents two aspects of governance and computer gimmickry upon which the governing is unable to shut down the program while the hackers have an idea of how to rectify their created problem (Badham, 1983). While focusing on a program that transmits entropy and receives commands from a variety of gamers around the grind, it is observed that the means of communication in this case are rather represented by slow machines, dial up conjunctions, and the use of 8 floppy discs to enable processing of traffic when playing the game. The mode of communication in this case is that the mainframe machine installed with the WORP communicates with other workstations through a virtual interconnectivity (Badham, 1983). The characteristics of communication in this 1983 movie are central to the tactics used to initiate a communication or initializing a connection with the mainframe machine. David and Jennifer hack into the program by using Davids home computer. This means that David, although he did not have as much resources in his disposal to hack the program, did not face complex processes of hacking into the program this points to a major security problem with the manner at which online resources could be accessed and altered during this period (Badham, 1983). HAL 9000 HAL 9000 is a movie set in 2001 in which a mainframe super computer named HAL is entrusted with the duty to observe and sustain communications in a Jupiter apprenticed spacecraft. The relevance of HAL within the spacecraft is to monitor and control various tasks of the spacecraft such as air conditioning, closing and opening of doors, and decoding and processing of instructions. In this case, the spacecraft an d its crew do not have much influence as to how HAL is designed. However, HAL is observed learning various natural language capabilities. This leads to the deaths of crew members such as Frank Poole and David Bowman as a conflict in instructional commands force HAL to make own decisions

Native American Iconography and depictions in Art of 18th and early Research Paper

Native American Iconography and depictions in Art of 18th and early 19th century - Research Paper ExampleWhile not each(prenominal) such depictions were blatantly racist or derogatory (though of course some were), almost all contributed in some way to the dissolution of the Native American culture that is seen today.One of the most well-known artists and writers of the late 1800s is George Catlin. Catlin traveled extensively in North America, South America, and Europe, and wrote numerous illustrated books about his experiences (Reich 111). One of these was the ponderously call Letters and notes on the manners, customs, and condition of the North American Indians, in which Catlin describes at length many of the tribes of North American native that existed while he was change of location (Catlin and Shippard).In both his words and his sketches, Catlin seems to have the utmost respect for the people about whom he is writing, at least relative to other writers of his time. For example , in shell 11 of Letters and notes, Catlin sketches a man named Stu-mick-o-sucks, who was at that time the chief of the Blackfoot Nation, and in Plate 13 sketches his wife Eeh-nis-kim. Catlin makes positive comments about their ceremonial deck up that they were wearing when he drew them, and states that Eeh-nis-kim had a pleasing countenance. He also referred to Stu-mick-o-sucks as a dignity, in the same way that he might refer to a foreign king of Europe (Catlin and Shippard).In addition to his sketches of Stu-mick-o-sucks, Catlin sketched other warriors and Native American tribesmen in their full ceremonial dress. These sketches make up Plates 29-31 in Letters and notes. He referred to their clothing as handsome and in all ways indicated that he found their clothing to be interest and even beautiful. This viewpoint differed from others of his time that found their manner of dress to be primitive and barbaric (Catlin and Shippard). Catlin expounds at length on the methods that th e Native Americans used to control the leather that

International Contract jurisdiction hypothetical Essay

International Contract jurisdiction hypothetical - Essay Examplebreach of contract committed in Queensland, regardless of where the contract was made and whether or not the breach was preceded of accompanied by a breach...rendering impossible the performance of a part of the contract that ought to be performed in Queensland (Uniform Civil Procedure Rules 1999 (124)(1)(i)).In this case, the rules probably will not give the court jurisdiction. The contract was not made in Queensland the contract was put to death in England. It also states that service is permitted if the contract is governed by the law of Queensland. The contract did not state which law governed, so this clause does not have effect.So, at once the other two clauses must be examined that service would be permitted if the breach of contract was committed in Queensland. Was the breach of contract committed in Queensland? probably not. The breach occurred in England, as the consignment was packed in England, and the pa cking of the consignment was the cause of the damage. The other clause is that service is permitted when the contract is made by one or more parties carrying on business or residing in Queensland. The contract was executed by Global Freighting in England, and they do not sojourn in Queensland. However, they argon carrying on business in Queensland, so this might be a basis for service. However, the term carrying on business is kind of black is it enough that Global Freighting made a contract with a Queensland company would this be considered to be carrying on business?If this is not a basis for jurisdiction, thence we need to look at other connecting factors. They are residence, domicile or presence of defendant in the courts jurisdiction (Akbarali v. Brent LBC). In this case, none of these connecting factors are present defendant does not reside in Queensland, is not domiciled and has never been to Queensland. Therefore, connecting factors would not give Queensland jurisdictio n either.Plus, the doctrine of

American History Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

American History - Assignment ExampleAlthough improvements came into being, efforts were not enough to overhaul Americas take towards slavery which was the limpid reason behind the civil war. On the other hand, if we travel back in time to that year, the US may not be in its exceed shape to hold such election. Considering the economic aspect of the country and the budget to be allocated for the elections, it may not be the best time to spend so much for something in the midst of depression. Nonetheless, the elections went on and former president Lincoln was re-elected, the strategies, plans and progress were maintained that led us to what we are today. It reassured and secured the American citizens the fantasy of the incumbent administration back then, which we reap today. The issues the country has been facing for centuries are present today. But major improvements have come into surface. Such issues are not resolved overnight, or even by changing administration.

Marketing an Australian Wine to Hong Kong Wine Market Essay

Marketing an Australian Wine to Hong Kong Wine Market - Essay ExampleThe growth in Hong Kong booze-coloured market is attributed to the abolishing of the duty on wine by the Hong Kong government. About 40% of the US$ 1.3bn worth of wine traded annually in London is bought by consumers in Hong Kong and China (Franz, 2008). Similarly, according to Parker (2010) a nut case of wine raised by a Hong Kong resident is likely to have come from the Australian vineyard. The Australian wine industry considers Hong Kong as a excogitate market. Because of the abolition of duties and taxes on wine in Hong Kong, exports from Australia to Hong Kong has increased manifold. Australia is an important source for high quality drinkables including wine for Hong Kongs restaurants. Hong Kongs strategy to become the hub for wine trading in the Asian office presents opportunities for the Australian wine producers and for providers of wine-related services, like storage and auctioning (Dfat, 2010). Hong Kong enjoys locational advantage as far as wine auctions in the region are concerned. The total wine auction sales in the region reached $160 million and now along with the United States, Hong Kong has become one of the two most important centers for wine auction (Hong Kong Digest, 2011). This is the reason that Australian wine makers, Brown Brothers, are eyeing Hong Kong to market its products. Hong Kong has the potential to influence trends in the region by events such as Wine and Spirits Fair which attracts audience from mainland China and other countries. Brown Brothers offers the most seasoned and diverse ranges of quality wine. Decrease in taxes makes cheaper wine popular (Asia Travel Tips, 2011). The Hong Kong youth between 21-28 years would prefer cheaper wines as they are yet to be established in life. Thus this study aims to evaluate marketing of wine to this segment. An external environmental depth psychology would help Brown Bothers understand and formulate the market ing strategy for Hong Kong. The external environment shadow be analyzed based on the political, economical, socio-cultural and legal environment, along with the wine sector in Hong Kong. Wine sector in Hong Kong Hong Kongs alcoholic beverage market faced distortions because of the excessive duties on wines and spirits (APCO, 2010). The prices were artificially high and the local residents as well as the expatriates were forced to choose lower-quality beverages which impacted consumer choice. Hong Kong had really high level of taxation on wines compared to its neighbors and this increased illegal smuggling of alcoholic beverages. This caused loss of government tax revenue. The Hong Kong Wine & Spirits Industry unification (HKWSIC) used the services of APCO to represent the views of the consumers and the industry. Study and presentation of the results by APCO forced the Hong Kong government to abolish the taxation on wine products. External environment analysis Political environmen t Hong Kong is governed by the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the Peoples Republic of China (Dfat, 2010). Hong Kong is a Special Administrative Region and is a capitalist society enjoying high political stability. It has an executive-led system inherited from the British Colonial Administration. The Chief executive is appointed by Beijing after pick and has the power to initiate legislation (Dfat, 2010). There is limited democracy as it still follows the Basic Law approved in 1990.

Implementing Strategy and Managing Change Essay - 1

Implementing Strategy and Managing Change - Essay ExampleIn case it does not, then there is a need to undertake strategic thinking and action that could channels it into constructive and positive castrates, designed for common good. Besides, as the operating environment ways, over time, it is classic that we take stock at regular intervals (Lancashire squirt and Rescue Service Risk Management Plan 2008-11, P.4). In the context of the UK erect Force Department, it keeps confronting challenges, both big and small, seemingly insurmountable or mundane occurrences. Each day presents a new challenge- for life and survival for the safety and well being of the citizens of this country and to safeguard properties both familiar as well as private. There are, to be enforced, additional responsibilities including fire safety enforcement, emergency planning and ensuring that the work of the fire and rescue service is efficient, telling and providing value for money (Lancashire Fire and Res cue Service Performance Report and Action Plan 2009 incorporating Emergency Cover Review, P.3). There are two important aspects that underpin strategic management and change. These are accountability and performance. However, accountability needs to be assessed and modulated to address the current requirements and also needs to be a continuous process designed to ensure that all responsible personnel know their roles and responsibilities. According they must work towards achieving pre determined levels of performance. Continual assessment of manage is at the forefront of developing policies and processes to assist the modernisation of public services. This unit seeks to identify the key stakeholders within organisations with regard to managing constant change. In addition, monitoring change and evaluating suitable training is also assessed. How such change influences the organisation is also developed (Implementing Strategy & Managing Change Module Handbook University Centre at Bl ackburn College). hire for Implementing Strategy and Managing Change There are many reasons why strategic change needs to be enforced - it could be due to changing securities industry conditions, entry of newer and stronger competitors, internal and external management issues and also the need to evolve and adopt to changing business environments. Besides, there also exists the need to address challenges in performance and accountability at the micro and macro levels. However, all major challenges encountered by the organization have the support and leadership of top management and the carte du jour of Directors, apart from stakeholder commitments. The Corporate Management team (CMT) offers strong leadership and has the confidence and support of both staff and elected members. There is a real grit of ownership and pride amongst staff in driving forward service improvements (Performance Report 2004-2007 and Integrated Risk Management Plan 2007-2010, P.28). Performance of London F ire Brigade Coming to the aspects of the London Fire Brigade, it is indeed a strong and unified fire and disaster fighting unit and they are also authorise to seek novel strategies and articulate them to improve their performance in terms of containing fire accidents and lesser loss of lives over the years of their outstanding exemplary performance. Today, Fire fighting services could aptly boast of being a strong and efficient unit, fully equipped and

Dreaming has been there since the existence of man Essay Example for Free

Dreaming has been there since the existence of man EssayDreaming is a communication amidst the body, mind and the spirit in a symbolic communicative environmental state of being. Our brains being active way all the time, but at disparate states of consciousness example, being alert, awake, asleep, bored, day woolgather cause different waves in brain as far as the activity is concerned. The brain mind and spirit, era at rest (when a person is sleeping) will review and analyses m all things. This goes around emotions, ideas, thoughts, actions of a short terms memory. This has a background of someones past life, and philosophy to influence it. The mind is also processing spiritual data, beliefs, and any communication from the higher power (God). All this information together with subconscious mind of what people ever told you, is then processed but without supervision by any person. All this information is put together by the mind in a form of Visual Screen play, as a mixture o f many things such as sight, sound, emotion and imagined interactivity. This will definitely yield that which is referred to as dreams.Dreaming is easily influenced by factors in a persons life and spirit, these influences bring about divisions that almost same as Gods. They be usually categorized as standard, prophetic, nightmares and physical dreams. Standard dreams have a tendency of precognition happening randomly. Prophetic ones are those dreams carrying a message of what is discharge to happen in the future. It could be calling for repentance, change of behavior or getting prepared for an on coming disaster.Nightmares are sort of dreams that will shake up or upset the dream and it may take some time before someone gets back to sleep after having a nightmare. This is why stargaze is such a important thing because sometimes it may bring wealth, health, escape, spiritual gain etc. if dreaming is taken seriously, that is if people could get to revolve around and remember thei r dreams, there could be very important messages hidden in the dreams. Dreaming may be important to remember and I will talk over a few ways that would help a person interested in recalling their dreams do so.It is believed that if you get to bed a nearly relaxed person, pay trouble to the main issues on the mind, give yourself a suggestion/idea to remember your dreams, plan to wake up slowly and peacefully such that you dont lost track of the dream you may have had by rocketing out of the bed then most likely you will manage to recall the dreams you had in the night. It is also suggested that each a well balanced diet will help recall your dreams this is for the reason that all parts of the body including the brain is well nourished with a healthy diet.Once the person recalls the dream, it is important to analyze it. This can be done by identifying the main concept of the dream. This will contract taking away all details and looking at the dream as a whole. Concepts are for help ing someone find the bigger aspect and since they are too timid to use as a clear picture it is important then to take away details that appear vague and be left with the very central picture. Once this is done then it is important to match the concept to a certain area of your life.Try to assure if there any element of your life that seems very precious to you, and then look if there is any possibility of it being damaged in any way as far as the dreams is concerned. If the answer is that there could be damage to your life, then re-examine the situation and the solution might just benefaction itself to you. Dreaming and its meaning are somehow related to animals and other universal symbols. Animals are sometimes symbolizing our traits, good or bad. Vehicles are to symbolize the worry we are headed.Children may symbolize something new and joyous while clothing may symbolize moods which are also related to attitudes we usually have. While dreaming about death may be common and s caring it is believed to bring changes and very dramatic and major ones. It may symbolize confronting apprehension of change or fear of death. It could also signify threat. Another common dream is that involving people. This may be a symbol of a personal trait as long as the dream is not prophetic.

Human Factor In The Aircraft Cabin Essay Example for Free

Human Factor In The Aircraft Cabin EssayThe term Human factor has handsome increasingly popular as the commercial aviation industry has realized that human error, rather than mechanical failure, underlies most accidents and incidents. Human factor involves gathering discipline and putting it into practice to produce safety, comfort and effective human use. This is then translated into design, training policies and procedures to help humans perform better. The issues on safety should be intercommunicate by ensuring proper and effective communication strategies.Also the ability of the flight crew to maintain situation awareness which involves being aware of what is happening somewhat and understand how information is to be put into action. Pilots should be well trained to handle and monitor flight automation and instruments to prevent confusion and errors during take-off and landing. Disciplinary measures should as well as be emphasized to avoid situations like drinking or ne glecting duties.It is important to go over safety and emergency weakenlists to ensure emergency equipments and other features ad hoc to the aircraft type are in order and report to the pilot after the preflight check. Before takeoff, unserviceable or missing items must be reported and rectified. The cabin must be monitored for unusual smell or situations and maintain precaution like keeping door locked while fueling. The crew should assist with the loading of baggage, check for size and dangerous goods.They then must do a safety demonstration and monitor riders as they walk them through the safety procedures, and also fix the cabin by ensuring tray tables are stowed, seats are in upright position and seatbelts are fastened before takeoff. The key role of the flight coincidence should be safety provision and provide a care giving and customer service to passengers. Presentation and personal appearance is important to inspire passenger confidence.The crew flight attendants are exp ected to be dressed well and be friendly. Human factor specialists should ensure the sidewalls are analyzed and improved for change magnitude passenger comfort as well as modification of the in-flight entertainment system. The In-flight Service Manager (ISM) and Customer Service Manager (CSM) should report when the cabin is rock-steady for takeoff and landing. This ensures proper management and safe effective operation during both normal and emergency conditions.

Social Change in Nigeria Essay Example for Free

Social Change in Nigeria EssayThroughout Africa societies that had been predominantly rural for most of their history were experiencing a rapid and hidden reorientation of their social and economic lives toward cities and urbanism. As ever greater flakes of people moved to a small number of quickly expanding cities (or, as was much the case, a single main city), the fabric of life in both urban and rural areas changed in massive, often unforeseen ways. With the largest and one of the most rapidly growing cities in sub-Saharan Africa, Nigeria has experienced the phenomenon of urbanization as thoroughly as any African nation, but its experience has also been uniquein scale, in pervasiveness, and in historical antecedents. Modern urbanization in most African countries has been dominated by the growth of a single primate city, the political and commercial centralise of the nation its emergence was, more often than not, linked to the shaping of the country during the colonial er a.In countries with a coastline, this was often a coastal port, and in Nigeria, Lagos fitted sound into this pattern. Unlike most other nations, however, Nigeria had not just one or two but several other cities of major size and importance, a number of which were larger than most other national capitals in Africa. In two areas, the Yoruba region in the southwest and the Hausa-Fulani and Kanuri areas of the north, there were numbers of cities with historical roots stretch back considerably before the advent of British colonizers, giving them distinctive physical and cultural identities.Moreover, in areas such as the Igbo region in the southeast, which had a couple of(prenominal) urban centers before the colonial period and was not highly urbanized even at independence, there has been a massive growth of newer cities since the 1970s, so that these areas in 1990 were also highly urban. Cities are not only independent centers of concentrated human population and activity they also exe rt a potent twine on the rural landscape. What is distinctive about the growth of cities in Nigeria is the length of its historical extension and the geographic pervasiveness of its coverage.

How Does The Media Influence Young Women?

How Does The Media Influence Young Women?There atomic number 18 many programs and magazines, such as Americas next top model and Seventeen magazine, that are watched and read by many teenage girls. These girls are insecure and want to be normal, handsome and well-liked. The schoolboyish women are therefore easily influenced by the information they receive from the media.An average teenage girl hides herself using tons of shit and beautiful clothes, because she is insecure closure her outer appearance. Every morning she has to get herself alert for the day. She decides to skip her breakfast, an extra hour of sleep, or even her rootage lesson. She takes a shower, puts on enough rectify and dresses herself well. These girls are influenced by the beautiful and blameless women, whose pictures are showed in advertisements and on TV. A variety of programs show us public images of how you should dress, look and act. The young girls invite that they are also perfect, with the perfe ct dress and with the perfect make-up so that they are attractive to boys and that they look like the girls and women on TV.Well known make-up artists such as Rimmel London and Max Factor present their make-up with skinny girls, who have the perfect skin and the perfect look. So the question is, are they selling the product, the make-up, or are they selling the beautiful woman? The advertisements are indeed selling the product, but they are also selling the image of the model woman. They emphasize thinness as part of the females beauty. These women, who are on the round tops of the magazines, serve as an example for the teenage girls. They also want to be thin, have big boobs, and a beautiful skin. These images affect the girls own self-image.Not only the models have a great influence on the girls, also the articles written in the popular teenage magazines have a great influence on the young women. The articles explain the girls closely the ideal appearance. Articles like How to look attractive to boys and How to arrive at the perfect look, hair and face are extremely normal. An article on the website of Seventeen magazine gives you the perfect example of such an article, New Makeup Promise to rising slope Your Mood This article is about a new make-up that promises to make you happy. It explains about the ingredients, such as Euphoryl, Murumuru Seed Butter and Theobroma Grandiflorum, whatever they are, and I am sure that girls, who read this article, think about buying this make-up, without realising if these ingredients really workOuter appearance has become very important throughout the eld for everyone, because of the media. They emphasize the importance of the physical appearance and that is the way advertisers sell beauty products such as day and night creams and make-up. Women and teenage girls therefore strive to achieve the ideal outer appearance presented by the media. They are not satisfied with their own body and are doing anything to become beautiful.Do you recognize these young women? I bet that almost two third of the teenage girls could be compared to the average teenage girl who has been influenced by the media. These girls are boring and not outstanding. Thus, the media should stop religious offering false information to young women about the perfect body. The media encourages the girls to have a negative self-image. In fact, a person who is fat and walks like a environ has probably a more beautiful personality than the other girls. Although these girls are not to blame, the media is.By writing an view column, I wanted to express my opinion about how the media influences young women, because advertisements, commercials, TV programs and magazines are all influencing the teenage girls by giving them false information. An opinion column should not be written in a particular style. As a columnist you are free to write in your own style, although it still has to be worth reading. So my first objective was to write a convincing opinion column that would be easy to read for most good deal. Therefore I didnt use many onerous words and tried to be convincing by giving the reader important information about the influence of the media.My second objective was to inform the people about the influence of the media on teenage girls. I explained the average, insecure teenage girl who can be easily influenced by beautiful models printed on the cover of the popular teenage magazines. As an example I described a daily morning of an average teenage girl. Every morning she has to get herself prepared for the day (paragraph 2). The girls strive for having the perfect face therefore they skip their breakfast to prepare for school. To support my opinion about the influence of media I used some other example. On the website of Seventeen magazine, an American magazine for teenagers, I found an article that was called New Makeup Promise to Boost Your Mood (see stimulus material). This article is about a special make-up that would make the girls happier. Young teenage girls are easily influenced by this text and by the convincing title, because the title makes a indisputable promise to you.The Happy Booster Glow Mood Boosting Blush and Face Powder by Physicians Formula promises to lift your spirits. Its the first-ever makeup line developed to shake off happy thoughts through mood-enhancing ingredients, color therapy, aroma therapy, and texture therapy. Basically, it copies the effect of endorphins, aka happy molecules, which produce a sense of well-being. (Your body releases endorphins during exercise, which is what makes you feel great afterward.) Other ingredients implicate Euphoryl, which is an anti-depressant packed with Omega-3, as well as Murumuru Seed Butter and Theobroma Grandiflorum Seed Butter, which make skin feel silky-smooth and appear luminous. Finally, its blend of floral scents refreshes your mood.And how foxy is this packaging? All this happiness is contained in a hear t-shaped plastic compact with a pink metallic base. It comes in a face pulverization (see above), blush, and bronzer, and each is a variety of overlapping different-colored hearts. So, the big question can you buy happiness? For $11.95-13.95 at select drugstores, you just might come close

Discussing the use of Expert Evidence in Trial

Discussing the use of happy Evidence in TrialExpert evidence is becoming to a greater extent established in the theatre of operations of eye lulu testimony because jurors ar frequently placing unjustified reliance on eye sweetheartes. Jurors ar being informed on the limitations of eyewitness identification as this domiciliate play a huge signifi rotterce within a court grammatical caseful (Cunningham Tyrrell, 1976).section on reliability and validity of capable evidenceExpert psychological witnesses are called before the jury to provide their knowledge of question and theories within the field of eyewitness testimony. They are non there to present facts nearly the particular(prenominal) case but rather provide scientific information of eyewitness accounts that help the jury make decisions (Vidmar Schuller, 1989, as cited in Leippe, 1995). This butt can deliver cave in eyewitness accuracy as the jurors can evaluate the reliability and validity of testimonies and base their decisions from this (Monahan Walker, 1988, as cited in Leippe, 1995). However, Leippe (1995) stated that there is lack in scientific investigate and theory as he argued that this field of research is not reliable because it cannot be generalised to the real world and lacks bionomic validity. Some courts and several experimental psychologists have argued against research on eyewitness testimony as being scientific, as they have established that eyewitness research is not widely accepted as a science as findings have not been generally approved (Egeth, 1993).Previous research on a survey of 488 responses to practiced witness questions and believability was carried out. This produced implications of reliability and validity of expert evidence. It was found that the majority of respondents stated that they would believe experts from their own community as they were comminuted to the issue of expert witnesses being a hired gun which refers to expert opinions that are not impar tial due to being bias towards the party that called them (Boccaccini Brodsky, 2002). A majority of respondents specified that they would believe experts who were not getting paid for their testimony this allows respondents to believe that the experts are providing an h wholenessst judgement and are not stating information on the basis of expecting return (Cooper Neuhaus, 2000, as cited in Boccaccini Brodsky, 2002). In addition to this constituent, respondents conveyed a preference for testimony from experts that have previously testified for the prosecution and defence rather than one or the other (Boccaccini Brodsky, 2002).A number of cases have debated that expert testimony is simply common sense and this knowledge can be made by the un-educated jurors, and the deficiencies in the accuracy of identification can be conveyed to the jury over cross-examinations, and closing arguments (Woller, 2003).A study by Levett Kovera, 2008 indicate that there is a sensitization amongst jurors on the validity of initial expert research when opposing expert research is introduced to address the validity of the initial expert research. Evidence was found that this process allows non-extreme judgements to be made by jurors but will not directly affect substantial decisions on the outcomes of a case. This shows inconsistencies when using initial expert research because the study illustrates that opposing experts give the opinion that initial expert research is inapplicable to the case. This suggests the question on whether the appropriateness on having an initial expert witness is needed at all as they frequently do not influence jurors decisions.Overall, eyewitness testimony reliability depends on many factors, in few cases it is reliable and in others it is not. Individual factors can contribute to whether the information given is correct or not.Personal opinion whether it would be appropriate to use experts in this caseExpert evidence helps provide research and the ory about well-known variables which can influence retentivity and recalling of retrospection. thitherfore by using expert evidence in the case of evaluating eyewitness testimonies is crucial, as much research has supported the flaws which can contribute to cheapjack information. As a result of such(prenominal) a high dependency and impact of the judges decision of the eyewitness testimony in determining ones life outcome, it is important that all measures are range forward in order to pr takings a individual who is not guilty from going to prison.On the other hand, I believe that there were a number of variables within this case that is deemed to be too complex to measure individually. I think that it is much harder to get an accurate account of the incident itself when viewing the variables in isolation. The theories are not established enough to concentrate on the variables combined which could potentially give a more accurate account of the event.If an expert witness was u sed for this case, I believe that they would significantly affect the decision of the jury. They somewhat take the role of the juror and directly affect the credibility of the eyewitnesses testimony. This should not be acceptable as an expert witness should only be there to provide facts about certain pieces of evidence and not about specific variables within the case.Overview of psychological evidence that may be brought before the court by the expert for the prosecution (Guilty)Around 20Research states 3 highest accuracy levels sex height and raceiFreya remembered more detail-eyes-more accurate -watching and had more light more oppotunityDetailed descriptionsNature of eventThe nature of the event can have a profounding kernel on the witnesss future recall. Witnesses who consider a traumatic event tend to have higher stress levels. This enables them to have a much expound memory as they often think about the event after it has happened. Because of the disturbing nature of the ev ent, it makes it harder for a witness to forget. All 3 witnesses within the case experienced a form of violence and therefore their levels of arousal would have increased. According to research findings, this could enhance the accuracy of the description of the event and odd (Christianson, 1992). Yuille and Cutshall (1986) in like manner found that higher stress levels lead to better memories of events than do witnesses with lower stress levels.Confidence (Meta-memory)A witness that is confident when providing their testimony to court officials are usually more believed to be accurate (Wise Safer, 2004 as cited in Krug, 2007). A study performed by Bradfield and Wells (2000, as cited in Bradfield McQuiston, 2004) found that a histrion juror who reads a testimony from a confident witness is said to of had a better view of the event compared to a witness whose pledge was low. level(p) when the jury has stated that confidence is not an accurate determinant, there is evidence to b elieve that high confidence does allow the jury to express a better evaluation of the witness (Fox Walters, 1986). Pratima Hussain conveyed a high level of confidence when declaring her testimony as she stated that she categorically knew that the defendant was the person that pushed her to the ground. She also gave a very(prenominal) detailed description of the weapon. This may influence the prosecution of the fishy by the jury because her confidence can be a huge predictor of accuracy. ships bell Loftus, 1989 also established that when confidence is expressed, jurors are impressed with that confidence which makes them more easily persuaded.Number of WitnessesWitnesses, who are at the uniform discourtesy and account the equivalent suspect under different conditions, are more likely to be accurate. A study by Haber and Haber (2000) shown that if a witness provides a description of a suspect and then later identifies them within a video identity parade, they are said to be 75 % accurate. If another witness, who was present at the same crime, provides a similar description of the suspect and also identifies the same person from the identity parade, both of their identifications are said to be 90% accurate. This factor relates stern to the case since Pratima Hussain and Emanuel Hargreaves both gave a similar description of Kevin Clough and both identified him from the mugshots and identity parade.Overview of psychological evidence that may be brought before the court by the expert for the defenceWomens eyesight was discredited (glasses came off)Pushed groundGlassesLess likely if realy old-age recogitionnThe nature of eventThe effect of arousal on eyewitness memory is now commonly explored using the Yerkes-Dodson law (1908) which states that the connection between arousal and performance is based on a U-shaped curve whereby very high or very low levels of stress decreases the performance of the witness and that intermediate levels of stress is when perform ance is at its best (Deffenbacher, 1983 as cited in McCloskey Egeth, 1983). Therefore in relation back to the event being violent, stress levels must have been very high which can cause discrepancies in the eyewitness testimonies given.Stress interferes with the ability of eyewitnesses to let out a central person in a stressful situation (Morgan et al, 2004, as cited in Wells, Memon Penrod, 2006).The high stress itself could be expected to lead to a narrow of the range of perceptual focus, as Easterbrook (1959 some facts about weapons) has noted.Mugshot induced biasIn this case, 2 of the witnesses were required to carry out mugshot identification and a video identity parade. Research by Cutler et al (1987, as cited in Ebbesen Konecni, 1997) has shown that exposure to mugshots after viewing the suspect at the scene of the crime may create a risk that the witness may become bias within the subsequent video identity parade. This is because the witness increases their ability to spy a previously seen face. The witness may inflict a failure of memory due to previous exposure of other mugshots and therefore fail to identify the actual suspect from the event (Brown, Deffenbacher Sturgill, 1977, as cited in Deenbacher, Bornsteiny Penrod, 2006).as Garven, Wood and Malpass (2000, as cited in Hafstad Memon, 2004) found Retention of memoryThe ability to take in information and hold it is a very important factor to reflect on. Many studies have shown that memory may deteriorate after an event occurs. There is more than one reason that retention of an event may be lost, which can include post events that take over the memory of the original event or similarly, a witness being exposed to information from other witnesses (Woocher, (.) as cited in Baggett, 1975 Memory for Explicit and Implicit Information in construe Stories). Another reason may include bad experiences of a particular event that might eliminate memory from a witness because they choose not to reme mber it. Shapiro and Penrod (1986, as cited in Smith, Stinson Prosser, 2004) performed a study on long vs. short delays and found that longer delays led to less correct and more glum identifications. From this study, it is clear to see that retention plays an important element when making correct identifications. This is also true of the Kevin Clough case, as all of the witnesses were required to identify the suspect from mugshots 2 days after the event occurred. They also had to identify the suspect from a video identity parade, 8 days after the event occurred.PerceptionA factor that can affect eyewitness intuition is a term called an event factor. This is when natural conditions within an event can affect the witnesss perception when an event occurs. It might seem natural to think that witnessing an event in good lighting conditions, may improve perception compared to poor lighting conditions. However, this is not the case as research has found that different lighting condition s can be relatively complex (Woller, 2003). Adaptation to light and dark has a significant effect on perception. It has been found that when witnessing an event in a dark condition and then there is sudden changes to a light condition, or the opposite, the eyes are unable to fully recover right away and perception is distorted. This is the cause of a chemical reaction happening within the eye between the rods and cones which generates a short experience of blindness. In the case of Kevin Clough, this can have a profound effect on Freya Ogdens perception. On the evening of January 12th, it would have been dark impertinent and Freya reported that a security light shone on the offender as he ran past her. Consequently, her identification of the offender may be unjustified as a result of light adaptation.Cross-Race IdentificationA major factor concerning eyewitness identification is Cross-Race Identification. A jury may be alerted when considering the condition of a witnesss race that is different to the race of the suspect and the accuracy of the identification. Research has found people from one race have great difficulty identifying people from a different race. This is because people that generally socialise with other people from their own racial group tend to absorb certain facial features more easily compared to people from another racial group (Malpass Kravitz, 1969). Members of one race tend to state that members of a different racial group have less homogeneity in the facial features in relation to their own racial group (Goldstein, 1979 as cited in Smith, Stinson Prosser, 2004). Ng and Lindsay (1994) stated that the more contact a person has with people from a differing racial or ethnic group, the ability to identify suspects correctly will be greater. This issue might be a modify factor regarding the Kevin Clough case because 2 of the witnesses, Pratima Hussain and Emanuel Hargreaves, are of a different racial group to the suspect. This could mean that their identification of Mr Clough may be invaluable to the case regarding the factor of cross-race identification.Individual factors AgeAnother factor which should be considered in accordance to eyewitness testimonies is age. Age is found to play a significant role in eyewitness testimonies. All witnesses are seen to be vulnerable, however children have been found to be the most vulnerable (Bruck Ceci, 1999, as cited in Wells, Memon Penrod, 2006). Children have been found to be susceptible to interviewer bias, as Garven, Wood and Malpass (2000, as cited in Hafstad Memon, 2004) found 50% of children who received positive reinforcement for reporting incorrect responses continued to answer yes to the misleading information, whereas 5% answered yes when no reinforcement was applied. This research suggests children are easily misled with what they experienced from the event. Research has also found a decline in memory for senile witnesses. Cohen and Faulkner (1989) found elderl y subjects were easily misled by false information. This states that expert eyewitnesses are crucial in cases where children and elderly witnesses are testifying. Research has also found confidence and memory reports can easily be distorted in particular with vulnerable children, as children are believed to be overly optimistic with their memory proficiencies (Hafstad, Memon Logie, 2004). artillery FocusThe presence of a weapon can substantially indicate to an eyewitness that a crime is happening. The concentration on the weapon itself can turn out the ability to absorb other information from the crime (Loftus Messo, 1987, as cited in Mitchell, Livosky, Mather, 1998). Weapon focus is linked to arousal and Easterbrook (1959, as cited in Mitchell et al., 1998) found that perception decreases as arousal levels increase which is based on his/her cue utilisation theory. The theory also points out that the more intense the arousal is of an eyewitness, the bigger the decrement in perc eptual cues. When a weapon is visible within a crime, the weapon focus effect states that all focus is pointed at the weapon and perceptual cues such as the criminals characteristics are decreased. The case of Kevin Clough is interesting because the victim Pratima Hussain was able to provide a detailed description of the weapon, and identify characteristics of the suspect correctly. Mrs Hussain was able to identify the suspects age, race and eye colour correctly. Research by Dehon and Bredart (2001) as cited in has found that white people are able to make a more accurate age estimate for in-groups than out-groups. However, the accuracy of age estimates from people of other races that live or have lived predominantly in a white hoidenish did not differ based on the race of the face.Research was carried out by Anastasi Rhodes, 2006 as cited in Age Estimation of Faces on whether the age of the witness corresponds with the age of the suspect. Results found that age estimates are often bias towards their own age range. Research also found that witnesses that are much older than the suspect exhibit poorer performance regarding face recognition Adams-Price, 1992 as cited in Evidence for an Own-Age Bias in Face. Therefore, there is a possibility that Pratima Hussains age estimate of the suspect could have been wrong and that she may have guessed the age of the suspect.Indicate what you consider to be the strongest evidence for both the prosecution and for the defence.ProsecutionDefenceRetention of memoryIt is clear that memory declines over a period of time. I think this is an important factor because the longer the length of time between the learning experience and test of identification, the likelihood that memory will decrease will be greater.Conclusionselective attention, reconstructive memory, short exposure durations, vantage point, suggestion